[4] Luis Ballast, owner of the Humpty Dumpty drive-in restaurant in Denver, Colorado, made an attempt to create a cheeseburger with a registered trademark known as a "yellowburger" in 1935. The hamburger first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century. During the first half of the 19th century, most European emigrants to the New World embarked from Hamburg, and New York City was their most common destination. [45] Originally called coca wine (the trademark was "Pemberton's French Wine Coca"), it may have been inspired by the formidable success of Vin Mariani, a European coca wine. What's New On Serious Eats An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again The dawn of the 20th century witnessed the need to provide food for people living in highly productive urban centers with high population densities. At the beginning of the 20th century, Upton Sinclair published The Jungle, a novel about conspiracies and corruption in the American meat industry, intended as a veiled criticism of the industry itself. [74] In response to this message, many restaurant chains have reduced the calories in their burgers since the beginning of the 20th century. Many recipes and dishes traveled along with transatlantic immigrants to their destinations in the New World. [40] Another ingredient incorporated into the burger, mayonnaise, appears to have been present in 18th century France, after the naval victory of Louis-François-Armand du Plessis de Richelieu in the port of Mahón in Menorca around 1756.[41]. Many believe the true birthplace of the burger is in Germany in a place called Hamburg. 1200s The earliest burger ancestor is invented (modern historians surmise) by Mongol horsemen, who stash raw meat under their saddles while wreaking havoc across Asia. Around this time, the city of Chicago, along with other cities on the East Coast, became a focal point for the large-scale processing of beef. The concept of a "greasy spoon" was thus born with these restaurants[citation needed], in which hygiene suffered in exchange for more inexpensive food. Athens (TX) Daily Review, We won, now we celebrate – newspaper guide to hamburger cookoff. The former supposition is more likely. [18][22][page needed] However, by the end of the century the Hamburg steak was gaining popularity because of its ease of preparation decreasing cost. Peggy Trowbridge Filippone is a writer who develops approachable recipes for home cooks. Another version of the creation of the hamburger is that of German cook Otto Kuasw, who created a very popular sailors' sandwich made of a fillet of beef patty fried in butter, served with a fried egg, between two toasted buns in 1891, at a post in Hamburg, Germany. Select personalised ads. Two locations in particular organized high-profile events to celebrate 100 years of the hamburger. It measures the worth (in US$) of a burger in different parts of the world, allowing for the comparison of the purchasing power parity of 120 national economies in which McDonald's does business. There are many additional claims as to the origin of the hamburger. At the time, the hamburger was typically served with coffee. Wendy's sparked a controversy and entered into American pop culture in the 1980s with its "Where's the beef?" By the end of the 1980s, the era of slogans in large chain restaurants had begun. This gave rise to various methods of meat preservation for making possible the consumption of fresh meat in urban and industrialized areas, among the refrigerator cars and different methods of packaging meat (such as corned beef), which were promoted by industrialists like Gustavus Swift (1839–1903). Early American preparations of minced beef were therefore made to fit the tastes of European immigrants, evoking memories of the port of Hamburg and the world they left behind. The chain also popularized the drive-in restaurant format, taken and simplified by McDonald's type fast food operators. In the United States during the 20th century, there have been numerous celebrations marking the centenary of the burger. The machine made it possible for minced meat to be sold at market in large quantities at reasonable prices. It is largely based on the 2001 book Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. Drive-in restaurants first appeared in the United States in the early 1930s, and gradually become a common sight across the country. The hamburger, in some form or another, has appeared throughout history since the early 4th century.It survived through war, economic crises, and over a dozen centuries of time. Hamburger bun. All these means of transport were improving at the time, and soon it was necessary to feed a growing population that was "in permanent transit", frequently moving through different cities on business. The term "Salisbury steak" appeared in print in 1897 and the seasoned and broiled patty is considered a forerunner of the modern hamburger. An example of a restaurant that influenced McDonald's and its imitators is Big Boy, which was first opened in 1936 by Bob Wian in Glendale, California, and became known in that locale as Bob's Big Boy. The expansion and standardization of the hamburger has led to the creation of a price index that can be used as an economic reference between different countries known as the Big Mac Index. The first hamburger was sold in 1895 by Lassen. It also resulted in the creation of a chain of fast food restaurants called Wimpy's in his honor, which sold hamburgers for ten cents. French fries are an invention of the Low Countries,[43][44] and Belgian historian Jo Gerard mentions that they originated around 1680 in both Belgium and the Spanish Netherlands, specifically in the area of "the Meuse valley between Dinant and Liège". [3][42] Thus, the hamburger came to continue the long American tradition of sandwiches featuring some kind of plant product, whether that be lettuce (as in the case of the BLT sandwich), sauerkraut (as on the reuben), coleslaw, or pickles. Mr. Davis has made it for workers during or posts World War II. Search for who invented the hamburger and you'll see a bunch of different stories claiming different people such as Louis Lassen, Charlie Nagreen, Otto Kuase were the inventors of the hamburger. All the hypotheses also share the presence of street vendors. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. [8] These two decisions have split the honor of creating the hamburger between these two American cities. Records from that time are scarce, however.[2]. Outside of the United States, ground beef is referred to as "minced beef," "beef mince," "mincemeat" or simply "mince. Burgers can also be made with patties made from ingredients other than beef. The sandwich was called the "Deutsches Beefsteak", German for "German beefsteak". Take the idea of tartare to the fire, and voila! [31] Corruption problems soon arose in the meat industry, problems that endangered both quality and hygiene. They looked at different options that could increase the speed of cooking hamburgers, designing and patenting special grills that had a higher output, made their cutlery and other kitchen utensils disposable, and introduced dishwashers that reduced the costs of water, soap, and labor. Man who invented the hamburger was smart; man who invented the cheeseburger was a genius. [54] The event came to be jokingly referred to as the "burger wars" by many Americans. [14] However, it was not until 1840 when Elizabeth Leslie Cook included a sandwich recipe in her cookbook that it appeared in the local cuisine of the United States.[15]. To this day, his accomplishment is celebrated annually with a "Burger Fest" in his honor in his hometown of Seymour. The brothers also created a detailed system for operating each kitchen throughout the franchise in a similar and largely standardized manner, as well as recruiting adolescents as employees in the kitchens. The burger was born in a time when people needed to eat both "fast" and "cheap". Many cultures claim invention of the sandwich, but it was given its name around the year 1765 in honor of the English aristocrat John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, who preferred to eat sandwiches so he could play cards without soiling his fingers. That’s a matter in contention, as is the identity of the originator of the cheeseburger. Food in American History, Part 6 – Beef (Part 1): Reconstruction and Growth into the 20th Century (1865–1910), by Louis E. Grivetti, PhD, Jan L. Corlett, PhD, Bertram M. Gordon, PhD, and Cassius T. Lockett, PhD, E. Wade registered Patent Number x5348 on January 26, 1829 for an instrument entitled "Meat Cutter", G. A. Coffman of Virginia received Patent Number 3935 on February 28, 1845 for an "Improvement in Machines for Cutting Sausage-Meat". "French Provincial Cooking" (1999 edition) p.120, Bob's Big Boy of Burbank menu, January 2007, History of the hamburger in the United States, Louis-François-Armand du Plessis de Richelieu, Cornell University School of Hotel Administration, International Federation of Competitive Eating, Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal, Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science Recipe Archive, "Jim Delligatti, who gave the world the Big Mac sandwich, dies at 98", "Burger King Celebrates As The WHOPPER Turns 45", "Big Burger Business: McDonald's and Burger King", "Star Wars: Databank: Millennium Falcon (Behind the Scenes)", "La tradición estadounidense y la cocina fusión ponen el punto y final al simposio gastronómico", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_hamburger&oldid=1016763024, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2016, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 April 2021, at 22:50. He tried to change those connotations from White Castle's earliest days. The Story: This one's pretty simple: according to some, a cook living in Hamburg named Otto Krause—or Kuase, depending on who you ask—decided one day to fry some hamburg steak in butter, top it with an egg, and toss it on a bun. In New Haven, Conn., if you ask who invented the hamburger, this is the answer you get: Louis Lassen, in 1900. Who invented the hamburger as Americans know it? Dr. Salisbury advocated eating cooked beef three times a day for a healthy constitution. [8] During the following 100 years, the hamburger spread throughout the world as a result of the emerging concept of fast food and a new business model: the franchise. The restaurant was founded on the idea of cooking a hamburger quickly, giving it the honor of being the first fast food restaurant. [31] It is very likely that the invention of the meat grinder contributed directly to the popularization of Hamburg steak, while the steak gradually became distant from its German roots in the minds of many Americans. Its name was inspired by the number of American and Vietnamese casualties, which made the scene resembles a "butcher". [18] Minced meat also came to be used in other popular American foods, including hot dogs and meatloaf.[31]. One of these imitators also had a highly similar name, White Tower Hamburgers of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, founded by the father and son tandem of John E. and Thomas E. Saxe. At the same time the hamburger was growing in popularity around the world, it took on a variety of local features in different locations. Several chefs claim to have been the first to add a slice of cheese to a hamburger. In the early 20th century, another beverage, Pepsi, was created by pharmacist Caleb Bradham and quickly came to rival the sales of Coca-Cola. One of these characters was J. Wellington Wimpy (often shortened to just "Wimpy"), a lover of hamburgers who was both polite and gluttonous. It is possible that after the creation of the hamburger by uniting the steak with the bread, vegetables were included to give the finished product a more "natural" appearance and taste. The modern hamburger was developed in the United States, but by the end of World War II, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. Gray’s hamburger business all started in the early 1900s when Gray operated a little cafe on the east side of Clarinda’s Courthouse Square. advertising slogan and an accompanying campaign stressing the primacy of the beef patty over the hamburger's other ingredients. Instead of waiting for half an hour to be served at a traditional restaurant, the White Castle System provided rapid service and a menu centered around the hamburger. "The man who invented the hamburger was smart. An example is the frankfurter, often abbreviated as frank.[26]. [26] The latter term is now commonly used as a suffix to create new words for different variants of the hamburger, including cheeseburger, porkburger, baconburger and mooseburger. [13][page needed] Documents show that this preparation style was used by 1887 in some U.S. restaurants and was also used for feeding patients in hospitals; the Hamburg steak was served raw or lightly cooked and was accompanied by a raw egg. After analyzing their sales, the brothers discovered that, to their surprise, 80% of their revenue was coming from selling hamburgers. The first meat grinder was invented in the early 19th century by the German engineer Karl Drais. The hamburger also appears prominently on American television shows such as American Eats and Man v. Food. [33] This became known as the "Hamburger Charlie", and Nagreen's creation was sold at the festival until his death in 1951. [34][35] The locals claim that Davis was selling beef sandwiches during that time, without having a clear name for his invention. The late 20th century witnessed a lawsuit brought by McDonald's against two environmental activists, Helen Steel and David Morris, that was colloquially known as McLibel. This same year McDonald's franchisee Jim Delligatti, created an imitation of the Big Boy — the Big Mac. [67] Hamburgers also appear in computer games, as in the case of BurgerTime, an arcade-style game created in 1982 by Data East Corporation. At this time, the hamburger was still not widely known by the American public. Much of this diversity has been the product of other restaurant chains that have tried to reproduce the success of McDonald's and White Castle, while others served to influence McDonald's. A local newspaper claims that Louis Lassen, a Danish immigrant who arrived in America in 1880, sold butter and eggs as a street vendor. After World War II, a number of hamburger restaurants known as InstaBurger King (later Burger King) began emerging, the first of which was opened on December 4, 1954, in a suburb of Miami, Florida. In 1932, White Castle created its first subsidiary: Paperlynen Company, which provided the cartons and wrapping paper that the food was served in, as well as the hats worn by the kitchen staff. Declining sales led the brand to get a helping hand. The McDonald brothers intensively studied the existing kitchen protocol of their restaurants in an effort to improve them. That’s a matter in contention, as is the identity of the originator of the cheeseburger. Initially, however, there were safety concerns raised over some fries and the kitchens in which they were prepared, leading some companies, such as White Castle, to remove them from their menus during the 1950s.[44]. Usually being restricted to the fire, and the definitive standardization of burgers! 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